Position

• The position of the tree on the ground dictates what types of cuts the operator should make to safely buck the tree. For trees lying flat on the ground, the chainsaw operator makes the cuts from the top to the bottom, making certain to avoid getting the chainsaw stuck in the earth. For a tree supported on one end, but rising off the ground and the other end, the operator makes the first cut underneath the tree and the second and final cut from the top. If a tree rests on supports on both ends and has an open space below its middle section, the operator makes the first cut from the top and the second and final cut from the underside.
  
  

Trim Allowance

• When cutting logs for transportation to sawmills, chainsaw operators should take into account the trim allowance that the mill requires. The trim allowance, an extra portion of wood left on the log to allow the mill to cut the boards to square, helps the mill obtain the size of lumber it needs, despite any angled cuts on the logs. For example, when bucking an 8-foot log, a trim allowance of 4 to 6 inches is typical.
  
  

Forces

• Two separate forces affect felled trees. One force, compression, works to push the fibers of the wood together. The other force, tension, works to pull the wood fibers apart. Compression and tension occur on opposite sides of the log. For example, in a slightly curved log lying on the ground, the inward side is the compressed side and the outward side is the tension side. You should generally cut the compression side first, but proceed carefully. Compression wood can trap the saw in the log if you cut too deep.
  
  

Safety

• When a tree lies on a slope, always work from the uphill side of the log. Establish a secure footing before operating the chainsaw. Make sure the chainsaw is in good working order before you start cutting the log. Never work with a chainsaw alone or when you are tired. Always wear a hardhat, work gloves, work boots and safety goggles. Avoid bucking in rainy, windy or icy weather.