Ornamentals

• The Cucurbita, also known as ornamental gourds, are the most popular type, according to the Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service. They are colorful and grow in odd shapes. Some have smooth skin, while others are bumpy. Most ornamental gourds are brightly colored and may be solid, striped or ridged. As their name suggests, ornamentals are only grown for decoration and are never consumed. This type of gourd only lasts one growing season. They cannot be crafted into decorations that will last several years.
  
  

Hardshells

• The Lagenaria, or hardshell gourds, are larger than ornamental. They have hard, thick shells that can be crafted into durable bowls, dippers, birdhouses or other items. Growing hardshell gourds are green, while mature ones are tan or brown. They tend to have long, thin stems and come in a variety of shapes. Most are smooth-skinned, but some are ridged or bumpy. Some varieties of Lagenarias can be eaten when they are green, though you must ensure the variety you have is actually edible before you assume you can eat it.
  
  

Vegetable Sponges

• Luffa gourds, or vegetable sponges, are becoming more common. The outside shell of the Luffa gourd is easily removable. Reaching 2 feet long, Luffa gourds look similar to large cucumbers or zucchinis. The interior is composed of thick material that is used to make bath sponges. Young Luffas fewer than 7 inches can be cooked or eaten fresh as a cucumber substitute.
  
  

Growing Tips

• All types of gourds grow best when exposed to warm weather and at least eight hours of sunlight. Gourd vines should be grown against fences or trellises because they can reach impressive lengths. Overfertilizing the plants will decrease gourd production and cause the vines to spread too much. Rotate gourds during the growing season so that each side of the fruit receives sufficient sunlight. Gourds are ready to harvest when the stems start to turn brown and dry out.