Freshwater Non-O1 Vibrio Cholerae Infection
It is not appreciated by most physicians that vibrio infections can be acquired from freshwater exposure. A case of non-O1 Vibrio cholerae urinary tract infection associated with freshwater exposure is reported. The potential for vibrios to grow in brachish water and for summer heat to cause evaporation leading to relative increased salinity in freshwater bodies and the broad geographic range of these occurances to include North American and both eastern and western Europe is noted. A literature review of vibrio infection acquired from freshwater exposure and the relationship to these epidemiologic and pathophysiologic events is discussed.
Vibrio cholerae is a member of family Vibrionaceae and the most recognized pathogenic vibrio. The classic strain of V cholerae agglutinates with O1 antiserum and is usually found in salty or brackish estuarial waters. Infection is associated with ingestion of contaminated foods with subsequent severe diarrheal illness. Extra-intestinal infection with V cholerae is unusual. We have recently seen a patient who developed a non-O1 V cholerae urinary tract infection (UTI) contracted in a fresh water river in central Texas. The following case and review cover the pertinent literature and clinical issues.
Abstract and Introduction
Abstract
It is not appreciated by most physicians that vibrio infections can be acquired from freshwater exposure. A case of non-O1 Vibrio cholerae urinary tract infection associated with freshwater exposure is reported. The potential for vibrios to grow in brachish water and for summer heat to cause evaporation leading to relative increased salinity in freshwater bodies and the broad geographic range of these occurances to include North American and both eastern and western Europe is noted. A literature review of vibrio infection acquired from freshwater exposure and the relationship to these epidemiologic and pathophysiologic events is discussed.
Introduction
Vibrio cholerae is a member of family Vibrionaceae and the most recognized pathogenic vibrio. The classic strain of V cholerae agglutinates with O1 antiserum and is usually found in salty or brackish estuarial waters. Infection is associated with ingestion of contaminated foods with subsequent severe diarrheal illness. Extra-intestinal infection with V cholerae is unusual. We have recently seen a patient who developed a non-O1 V cholerae urinary tract infection (UTI) contracted in a fresh water river in central Texas. The following case and review cover the pertinent literature and clinical issues.
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