Stone Tools

The Timucuan men made only a few tools from stone, due to the rarity of it in the state of Florida and the poor quality of it. It was a flint called chert and was used to make tools such as knives, drills and scrapers.

Clay Tools

Timucuans used clay pottery to store and protect food, such as grain, from pests and the elements. They dug it up from streams, rolled it into ropes, formed it into a pot shape and smoothed out the lines. Then they designed and hardened the pot by fire.

Plant Tools

Pine trees provided the Timucuan Indians with hut supports and canoes, while hickory trees supplied material for bows and canoe paddles. The arrows and spear shafts for bows came from long river cane stems. Grapevine supported the walls of the huts and was also used to make baskets, along with palm leaves. The tribe also wove mats and made hut roofs from palm leaves.

Gourds were used for buckets. Tree bark was used for fishing nets and rope, while wood served as a drying rack for food and handles for various tools. For women's clothing, Spanish moss was the Timucuan material of choice.

Animal Bone Tools

This tribe used animal bones for knives, sewing needles, fish hooks, handles, ear pins, flutes and whistles, while claws and teeth were also used to maker knives and other projectile objects, as well as jewelry. Hammers made from deer antler helped the Timucua to form tools made from stone.

Animal Shell Tools

The Timucua made shovels, axes, hoes and other hardware tools from the shells of whelk and clam. They also made fishing line spools, dippers, bowls, cups and net weights with these materials. Bowls, as well as rattles, were made from turtle shells.