Ophthalmologists

• Ophthalmologists are qualified to provide the most comprehensive eye care. They specialize in the treatment and prevention of eye diseases and problems in the visual system. They are qualified to examine the eyes, diagnose eye diseases, prescribe medication and perform eye surgery. They are also skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of eye problems and complications that arise because of other medical conditions. Ophthalmologists either have a degree in medicine or osteopathy. They also have to complete a one-year internship and at least three years of special training in medical and surgical treatment of eye problems before they can earn their state license. Many ophthalmologists also specialize in a specific part of the eye or specific eye problems.
  
  

Optometrists

• Unlike ophthalmologists, optometrists do not have a medical degree; instead, they earn a professional degree in optometry. They are not qualified to perform eye surgery or provide medical treatment for all eyes diseases although they are qualified to diagnose a number of eye conditions, such as glaucoma and cataracts. After the diagnosis, they refer the patients with such diseases to ophthalmologists. Optometrists are qualified in the diagnosis and treatment of eye problems that are not related to diseases, such as nearsightedness, farsightedness and astigmatism. They prescribe eyeglasses, contact lenses and other vision aids.
  
  

Opticians

• Opticians are eye technicians who help optometrists and ophthalmologists provide services to eye patients. They are trained in the preparation, replacement and repairing of eyeglasses and contact lenses prescribed by optometrists and ophthalmologists. They have to complete a two-year technical degree and earn certification from the American Board of Opticianry (ABO) or National Contact Lens Examiners.
  
  

Ocularists

• Ocularists are eye technicians who are specially trained to prepare and fit artificial eyes. Ocularists have to complete a five-year apprenticeship under the supervision of a certified ocularist and pass a certification exam.
  
  

Orthoptists

• Orthoptists are trained to provide diagnosis and non-surgical treatment of vision disorders and problems related to eye movement and alignment. Orthoptists mostly work with children because these problems generally appear at an early age.