Mild to Moderate Dementia

• Cholinesterase inhibitors such as Aricept, Exelon and Razadyne work by increasing chemical messages involved in judgment and memory function. The National Institute on Aging recommends these medications for mild to moderate cases of dementia. They can help delay and even prevent the worsening of dementia symptoms. Side effects of these medications may include vomiting and diarrhea.
  
  

Moderate to Severe Dementia

• Memantine is a medication that releases glutamate in the brain. Glutamate is involved in memory and learning. According to the National Institute on Aging, this medication is recommended for moderate to severe dementia and allows patients to prolong their ability to perform daily functions, such as using the bathroom independently. A common side effect of this medication is dizziness.
  
  

Other Medications

• In addition to dementia medications, your doctor may prescribe medications to prevent stoke, such as blood pressure medications. Antidepressants and antianxiety medications may also be needed to control the patient's anxiety and depression while he or she is dealing with dementia.
  
  

Medication Doses

• The National Institute on Aging recommends starting out with a low dose of medication and increasing the dosage depending on the patient's tolerance. The patient should be monitored closely for side effects when starting the new drug.
  
  

When to Call a Doctor

• When treating a dementia patient, talk with a doctor if the person loses interest in eating and drinking. This can occur with a loss of muscle control, which limits the ability to swallow food. Depression can also cause a person to lose interest in foods. Problems sleeping are another reason to be concerned.
  
  A change in communication ability should be discussed with the patient's doctor. This may be a sign that medication isn't working or that the disease has progressed and needs to be evaluated further.