Method of Cleaning

• There are several different materials used for aquarium filters all of which must be cleaned on a routine basis. Fiber filters are used to filter hang-on-back filters and should be cleaned by running cool water through the filter in the opposite direction as the normal tank water flows. This will push the dirt out of the filter instead of deeper into it. Sponge filters should be cleaned in cool water by squeezing them. Tank gravel used with an under-gravel filter system should be cleaned using a suction hose designed for gravel cleaning. The hose can be purchased at any location that sells aquarium equipment.
  
  

Cycling a Fish Tank

• It's important to keep your fish tank cycled. There is a delicate balance within the tank by which the nitrogen cycle helps to convert ammonia into a non-toxic element. When you replace a filter you are removing the bacteria in the tank that helps the tank complete the nitrogen cycle. By reusing a filter, you prevent the loss of all beneficial bacteria.
  
  

Filter Cleaning Cycle

• Aquariums usually have multiple filter systems such as a hang-on-back filter which uses one or more fiber-carbon filters and an 'under gravel' filter system that uses an air pump to filter waste through the gravel. When cleaning a tank's filter system it's important to schedule each piece of the filter system at different times. If a tank is cleaned weekly it would be advisable to clean the hang-on-back filter on week one and the under-gravel filter on week two. This will minimize the loss of beneficial bacteria that the tank needs to complete the nitrogen cycle.
  
  

Replacing Carbon

• Although the carbon used in the fiber pads of a hang-on-back filter are helpful in reducing tank odors, they do not benefit from longevity and should be replaced on a regular basis. Replacement carbon packs are available at locations that sell aquatic supplies.
  
  

When to Replace a Filter

• At times it is necessary to replace a filter. If the fish in the tank experience an outbreak of disease it may be possible that the filters have reached a point where the material can no longer properly filter the tank.
  
  Many chemical treatments will require the filters be removed or replaced prior to treatment. These recommendations should always be followed.
  
  A filter should also be replaced if it becomes torn. In this case, only the torn filter should be replaced to help maintain a balanced environment in the tank.