Myomectomy: Minimally Invasive Approach
Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumor of the uterus in women of reproductive age. However, most of them are asymptomatic and do not require any treatment. Menorrhagia and pelvic pain are the most usual symptoms, and some women may present with infertility or pregnancy-related complications. In those with abnormal uterine bleeding, one should exclude other causes of abnormal vaginal bleeding including endometrial cancer. Diagnosis of uterine fibroid is established by pelvic ultrasonography with or without saline infusion hysterosonography. Management options depend on the patient's fertility potential and desire for future pregnancy. Submucous myoma should be treated by a hysteroscopic approach. Intramural and subserous myomas in women who opt for nonsurgical treatment could be treated with uterine artery embolization (UAE), high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), or medical treatment such as selective gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, progesterone receptor modulators, or aromatase inhibitors. All interventions aside from hysterectomy provide temporary relief, although myomectomy, UAE, and HIFU provides more durable symptom relief relative to current medical management. Patients wishing to preserve their fertility are best treated by myomectomy, which can be done by laparoscopy. A laparoscopic approach is more advantageous than laparotomy, but laparoscopic suturing is more demanding. This can be overcome by robotic-assisted laparoscopic myomectomy.
Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas) are the most common benign tumor of uterus in women of reproductive age. The cumulative incidence of uterine leiomyomas is 70%. Most women with uterine fibroids are asymptomatic, and only 30% of them present with abnormal symptoms. The most common symptoms of uterine fibroids are menorrhagia and pelvic pain. In addition, patients may present with infertility, recurrent miscarriages, or premature deliveries. In this article we review the recent advances in minimally invasive surgical interventions to treat symptomatic uterine fibroids.
Abstract and Introduction
Abstract
Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumor of the uterus in women of reproductive age. However, most of them are asymptomatic and do not require any treatment. Menorrhagia and pelvic pain are the most usual symptoms, and some women may present with infertility or pregnancy-related complications. In those with abnormal uterine bleeding, one should exclude other causes of abnormal vaginal bleeding including endometrial cancer. Diagnosis of uterine fibroid is established by pelvic ultrasonography with or without saline infusion hysterosonography. Management options depend on the patient's fertility potential and desire for future pregnancy. Submucous myoma should be treated by a hysteroscopic approach. Intramural and subserous myomas in women who opt for nonsurgical treatment could be treated with uterine artery embolization (UAE), high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), or medical treatment such as selective gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, progesterone receptor modulators, or aromatase inhibitors. All interventions aside from hysterectomy provide temporary relief, although myomectomy, UAE, and HIFU provides more durable symptom relief relative to current medical management. Patients wishing to preserve their fertility are best treated by myomectomy, which can be done by laparoscopy. A laparoscopic approach is more advantageous than laparotomy, but laparoscopic suturing is more demanding. This can be overcome by robotic-assisted laparoscopic myomectomy.
Introduction
Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas) are the most common benign tumor of uterus in women of reproductive age. The cumulative incidence of uterine leiomyomas is 70%. Most women with uterine fibroids are asymptomatic, and only 30% of them present with abnormal symptoms. The most common symptoms of uterine fibroids are menorrhagia and pelvic pain. In addition, patients may present with infertility, recurrent miscarriages, or premature deliveries. In this article we review the recent advances in minimally invasive surgical interventions to treat symptomatic uterine fibroids.
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