There are many theories about the physiological mechanisms by which Bowen Therapy brings about the results for which it is famous.
In addition to the rebalancing of the autonomic nervous system, Bowen moves and procedures may reset the body to heal itself by activating, through the nervous and endocrine systems among others, the following mechanisms:

• Stretch reflex: Most moves are done either at the origin, insertion or belly of muscles where receptors are located, informing the nervous system on the state of tension, length or stretch in the musculotendinous tissue.
  These receptors are stimulated during the 'challenge' and the 'rolling' part of the Bowen move which changes the stimulus received by the nervous system.
  This can change a pain/muscle spasm loop.
  
• Joint proprioceptors: All moves done around a joint directly affect the joint capsule and lig­aments that are richly innervated with proprioceptors.
  Here again, stimulus will be received by the nervous system, inviting normalization of the joint function without the need for forceful manipulation.
  Research (Carter, Bernie, 2002, 'Clients experiences of frozen shoulder and its treatment with Bowen technique', Complementary Therapies in Nursing and Midwifery, v.
  8, pp.
  204-210) has confirmed increases in the range of motion in restricted joints.
  
• Fascia: Each Bowen Therapy move is done at the level of the superficial fascia and affects the rela­tionship between the fascia and the nerve, muscle or tendon being mobilized.
  Fascia plays a major role in muscle co-ordination, postural alignment and overall structural and functional integrity.
  All of these are negatively affected when the fascia stiffens, contracts, torques or dehydrates.
  Following a Bowen Therapy session it is not uncommon to see adhesions loosen up, scar tissue soften and posture and mobility improve without harsh mobilization or stretching.
  
• Segmental viscerosomatic spinal reflexes: Several Bowen Therapy moves engage these reflexes.
  They produce referred reactions to the internal organs through stimulation of the skin, muscles and nerves.
  
• Harmonic vibration or resonance model: Bowen Therapy moves set up vibrational patterns which bring the body back into balance and harmony.
  
• Lymphatics: Some Bowen Therapy procedures activate draining of the lymphatic system stimulat­ing the immune system.
  
• Detoxification is often initiated during a Bowen Therapy session, thereby improving the body's ability to function at a cellular level.
  

The continuity of muscles up the back and down the legs means that this relationship is given a lot of attention in Bowen sessions.
Manipulation of these muscles can have a profound effect on the spine and posture.
Yours in Bowen Belinda