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Mutual Funds - What Are They?

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Mutual funds are a means of allowing multiple investors to combine resources and use the collected contributions to invest in a wide range of stocks, bonds and other types of financial instruments. Typically, a financial professional known as a money manager operates a fund of this type. The manager is responsible for investing the contributions supplied by fund members in a manner that results in the generation of returns on the individual investments. Depending on the type of investments made available to the mutual fund, the range of securities held will often be somewhat eclectic. This is to the benefit of fund members, since a combination of safe and high-risk investments often makes it possible to generate some sort of return in any type of financial environment.

Why Investors Like Mutual Funds

One of the greatest strengths of a mutual fund is that it allows smaller investors to participate and receive support from investment professionals. Unlike other investment opportunities, the focus is on the collective buying power of the all the members of the fund, not any one investor. This means that if you have a limited amount of money to invest, a mutual fund may offer more opportunity to grow your funds over time.

Along with the growth potential, this type of fund also helps to share the volatility associated with the investments chosen by the money manager. Each member shares in that risk, based on his or her level of contribution to the purchase. By keeping both risk and returns in proportion to the amount of the individual's contributions, the fund can allow even small investors the chance to grow personal wealth through investing in different types of securities.

Practical Application of a Mutual Fund

One of the more common applications, is in retirement planning. It is not unusual for both employee pension plans and individual 401 (k) plans to utilize a mutual fund arrangement in order to grow the contributions of their members. Even the funds contributed through Individual Retirement Accounts may be grown through involvement with mutual funds. This is true for both the traditional and the Roth IRA.

As with any investment activity, the ability to accurately project market movements and execute orders at the right time is very important. Assuming the money manager is able to choose the right combination of investments and conduct buying and selling strategies in a timely manner, funds of this type can generate a great deal of return for its members. For anyone who wants to begin investing but is still intimidated by the overall process, investing in a mutual fund is a great way to learn how different investment markets function in varying economic climates, while still keeping the level of risk within reason.
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