The Bowline

• 1). Cross the rope over itself to make a small loop and bring the working end under and through the loop. This results in a small loop with a larger loop below it.
  
  
• 2). Slip the working end behind the standing part and pull it through the small loop until the knot is taught. At the same time, keep your finger in the lower loop so it does not close completely.
  
  
• 3). Set the knot by pulling the working end down and the standing part up.
  
  

Figure Eight Knot

• 1). Double the rope. In this case, the doubled end is considered the working end and should be pointing downward.
  
  
• 2). Grasp the working end, bend it up and over the standing part, then behind it.
  
  
• 3). Pull the working end through the original loop, crossing the rope over itself.
  
  
• 4). Dress the figure-eight so that all the sections of rope are laying parallel to one another. Set the knot by pulling snugly on the top strands while maintaining a loop at the bottom.
  
  

Overhand Knot

• 1). Hold the standing part in one hand and pull the bitter end downward.
  
  
• 2). Cross the bitter end over and under the rope, bring it through the loop.
  
  
• 3). Set the knot by pulling the bitter end taught.
  
  

Square Knot

• 1). Connect two separate ropes with a square knot. Pass the bitter end of the right-hand rope over and under the left-hand rope.
  
  
• 2). Place the two bitter ends in a loop above the rope, crossing the (now) left-hand over and under the (now) right-hand end.
  
  
• 3). Pull the two bitter ends tight to set the knot.